Four ways to plan your retirement
Use the tabs above to answer four different retirement questions: how much you'll need (Goal), how much to set aside each month or year to reach a target (Save), how much you can safely withdraw once you're retired (Withdraw), and how long a given balance will last at a chosen withdrawal rate (Duration).
How the Goal calculation works
This retirement calculator projects how much you'll have saved by your planned retirement age, then compares it to how much you'll actually need to cover your living expenses through your life expectancy — answering the question "how much do I need to retire?" in two parts.
What you'll have: starting from your current retirement savings, each year your balance grows by your expected investment return and is topped up by a contribution equal to your chosen savings rate applied to that year's income (which itself grows by your annual income increase).
What you'll need: your income need is a percentage of your current income, in today's purchasing power — it's a separate assumption from your salary growth rate, so it's carried forward to retirement-age dollars by inflation alone. That first-year amount (minus any other income like Social Security or a pension) is then treated as a growing annuity — withdrawals that keep rising with inflation to preserve their purchasing power — and discounted back to your retirement date at your expected investment return, assuming withdrawals land mid-year on average:
PV = C × (1 − ((1+g)/(1+r))ⁿ) / (r − g) × (1+r)^0.5
Where C is the income needed in the first year of retirement, g is the inflation rate, r is the investment return, and n is the number of years in retirement.
What the result includes
- Projected savings at retirement and savings needed at retirement, compared as a surplus or shortfall.
- Years until retirement and years in retirement, based on your current age, retirement age, and life expectancy.
- The % of your goal funded by your current plan, plus a monthly income breakdown for both scenarios — what your projected savings can sustain, and what your target needs — each shown in both actual (future) dollars and today's dollars (inflation-adjusted purchasing power).
- A year-by-year savings growth schedule showing contributions, investment growth, and running balance up to retirement.
A note on accuracy
This is a planning estimate, not financial advice. It assumes a constant investment return and inflation rate every year, which real markets never deliver exactly — actual results will vary. It does not account for taxes, required minimum distributions, or changes to your savings rate or income growth over time. The Goal tab's savings-needed figure and the Withdraw tab's inflation-growing withdrawal figure both rely on an approximation for exactly when withdrawals land within the year — expect those two numbers to be within about 1% of a more granular, month-by-month calculation.
Frequently asked questions
How much do I need to retire?
A common rule of thumb is 70-80% of your pre-retirement income for each year of retirement. This calculator lets you set your own income replacement percentage and projects the total nest egg that income stream requires.
What counts as "other income after retirement"?
Any income you expect in retirement that doesn't come from your own savings — Social Security, a pension, rental income, etc. It reduces the amount your savings need to cover.
Why does the withdrawal amount grow with inflation?
A fixed dollar withdrawal loses purchasing power every year. Growing your withdrawals with inflation keeps your real (inflation-adjusted) standard of living constant throughout retirement.
What if I have a shortfall?
Try increasing your annual savings rate, delaying your retirement age, or lowering your income replacement percentage, and recalculate to see how each change narrows the gap.
What's changed
- Expanded into four tabs: Retirement Goal, Savings Plan, Withdrawal Amount, and Money Duration.
- Launched.
References
- Aswath Damodaran, NYU Stern — The Mechanics of Time Value (growing annuity present value)
the present value of a growing annuity, which this calculator uses to find how much you need at retirement for withdrawals that rise with inflation each year